
F. Bradley Johnson, MD, PhD
Contact InformationDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Stellar Chance, 405A
422 Curie Blvd.
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6100
Office: 215-573-5037
Fax: 215-573-6317
Email: johnsonb@pennmedicine.upenn.edu
Specialty Division
Laboratory Medicine, Cancer and Immunobiology
Research Expertise
Research Interests
Molecular biology of aging, cell senescence, Werner syndrome, telomeres,
recombination, G-quadruplexes, neurodegeneration, transplantation.
Key words: Aging, telomeres, recombination, Werner syndrome, cancer, yeast, mice, G-quadruplex, neurodegeneration, transplantation.
Description of Research
Our lab is interested in the biology of human aging and cancer, and we are focusing particularly on how they are influenced by telomere maintenance and dysfunction. Telomeres are the structures that cap the ends of chromosomes, and this location makes them critical for genome stability as well as particularly susceptible themselves to a variety of insults including oxidative damage, exonucleolytic attack, and inappropriate processing by recombination factors.
One focus of the lab is to investigate mechanisms of telomere maintenance. We have identified roles for the RecQ family DNA helicases in coordinating recombination-dependent mechanisms that maintain telomeres. This family of helicases includes those that are deficient in the Werner and Bloom syndromes, which are diseases characterized by premature aging and elevated rates of cancer. Our findings in mice and yeast have helped establish telomere defects as an important cause of the clinical phenotypes observed in these syndromes. More recently, we have also begun exploring roles for chromatin regulatory factors, including SUMO modifiers and regulators of histone acetylation, in telomere maintenance. We hope that by better understanding how RecQ helicases and chromatin factors maintain telomeres, new methods for preserving telomere function in normal tissues and for disrupting telomere function in malignancies may be developed.
A second focus of the lab is to investigate the biology of G-quadruplexes, which are four-stranded DNA structures formed by G-rich sequences like telomeres. The RecQ family of helicases, including WRN and BLM, are particularly adept at unwinding G-quadruplexes. Recently, we have obtained evidence that G-quadruplexes regulate telomere capping, cell senescence, DNA recombination and transcription in vivo. Cell biologic, bioinformatic and structural approaches to understanding G-quadruplex function are being pursued.
A third focus of the lab is to use a mouse model lacking telomerase to learn more about the mechanisms by which telomere dysfunction contributes to age-related pathology. We are investigating how transplantation of normal bone marrow and manipulation of the Wnt pathway rescues this and other degenerative phenotypes in these mice.
A fourth interest of the lab is the measurement in human clinical specimens of telomere lengths and capping, telomerase activity, chromatin regulators, and cell senescence. We are particularly interested in understanding how these factors contribute to age-related neurodegenerative diseases and the success of transplanted tissues.
Rotation Projects
Please contact Dr. Johnson to discuss potential rotation projects.
Lab Personnel
Qijun Chen, PhD, Research Specialist
Jay Johnson, PhD, Research Associate
Jen Wanat, PhD, Postdoc
Jesse Platt, MD-PhD student
Ting Yang, MD-PhD student
Becky Billmire, PhD student
Jordan Driskill, Undergraduate
Rebecca Duncan, School of Nursing
Shufei Song, PhD student
Clinical Expertise
HLA and transplantation testing
Itmat Expertise
Dr. Johnson is primarily interested in mechanisms of telomere maintenance and genome stability, and how these relate to age-related pathology, including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. His lab studies roles for DNA helicases (Werner and Bloom syndrome helicases) and chromatin and metabolic regulators in these processes. Experimental approaches are taken in model organisms (yeast, mice, culture cells) as well as clinical samples (human brain, pancreas, and kidney).
Graduate Groups
Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics
Cell and Molecular Biology
Education
Specialty Certification
Postgraduate Training
Awards and Honors
Memberships and Professional Organizations
Web Links
Selected Publications
Rap1 relocalization contributes to the chromatin-mediated gene expression profile and pace of cell senescence.
Jesse M. Platt, Paul Ryvkin, Jennifer J. Wanat, Greg Donahue, M. Dan Ricketts, Steven P. Barrett, Hannah J. Waters, Shufei Song, Alejandro Chavez, Khaled Omar Abdallah, Stephen R. Master, Li-San Wang, F. Brad Johnson, Genes and Development 27(12): 1406-20, 2013, PMID:23756653
Rudimentary G-quadruplex-based telomere capping in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Smith Jasmine S, Chen Qijun, Yatsunyk Liliya A, Nicoludis John M, Garcia Mark S, Kranaster Ramon, Balasubramanian Shankar, Monchaud David, Teulade-Fichou Marie-Paule, Abramowitz Lara, Schultz David C, Johnson F Brad, Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 18(4): 478-85, 2011, PMID:21399640
Homologous recombination-dependent rescue of deficiency in the structural maintenance of chromosomes (Smc) 5/6 complex.
Chavez Alejandro, Agrawal Vishesh, Johnson F Brad, The Journal of Biological Chemistry 286(7): 5119-25, 2011, PMID:21138837
Inactivation of the Sas2 histone acetyltransferase delays senescence driven by telomere dysfunction.
Kozak, ML, Chavez, A, Dang, W, Berger, SL, Ashok, A, Guo, X, and Johnson, FB., EMBO Journal 29(1): 158-70, 2010, PMID:19875981
Comparisons of telomere lengths in peripheral blood and cerebellum in Alzheimer's disease
J.N. Lukens, V. Van Deerlin, C.M. Clark, S.X. Xie, and F.B. Johnson, Alzheimer's and Dementia 5(6): 463-9, 2009, PMID:19896585
Altered gene expression in the Werner and Bloom syndromes is associated with sequences having G-quadruplex forming potential.
Johnson, JE, Cao, K, Ryvkin, P, Wang, L-S, and Johnson, FB, Nucleic Acids Research 38(4): 1114-1142, 2010, PMID:19966276
Sumoylation and the structural maintenance of chromosomes (Smc) 5/6 complex slow senescence through recombination intermediate resolution.
Chavez Alejandro, George Vanessa, Agrawal Vishesh, Johnson F Brad, The Journal of biological chemistry 285(16): 11922-30, 2010, PMID:20159973
Evidence That a RecQ Helicase Slows Senescence by Resolving Recombining Telomeres.
Lee JY, Kozak M, Martin JD, Pennock E, Johnson FB., PLOS Biology 5(6): e160, 2007, PMID:17550308
A novel telomere structure in a human ALT cell line.
Marciniak, R.A., Cavasos, D., Montellano, R., Chen, Q., Guarente, L., and Johnson, F.B., Cancer Res. 65(7): 2730-7, 2005, PMID:15805272
Telomere shortening exposes functions for the mouse Werner and Bloom syndrome genes.
Du, X., Shen, J., Kugan, N., Furth, E.E., Lombard, D.B., Cheung, C., Pak, S., Luo, G., Pignolo, R.J., Guarente, L, and Johnson, F.B., Mol. Cell. Biol. 24(19): 8437-8446, 2004, PMID:15367665